Window

/* -*-c++-*- OpenSceneGraph - Copyright (C) 1998-2008 Robert Osfield 
 *
 * This library is open source and may be redistributed and/or modified under  
 * the terms of the OpenSceneGraph Public License (OSGPL) version 0.0 or 
 * (at your option) any later version.  The full license is in LICENSE file
 * included with this distribution, and on the openscenegraph.org website.
 * 
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the 
 * OpenSceneGraph Public License for more details.
*/

// Code by: Jeremy Moles (cubicool) 2007-2008

#ifndef OSGWIDGET_WINDOW
#define OSGWIDGET_WINDOW

#include <osg/Scissor>
#include <osg/MatrixTransform>
#include <osg/Geode>
#include <osg/ClipNode>
#include <osgWidget/Types>
#include <osgWidget/Util>
#include <osgWidget/Widget>

namespace osgWidget {

// These are helper callbacks you can attach to Windows that will make them moveable,
// rotatable, and scalable respectively.
bool OSGWIDGET_EXPORT callbackWindowMove   (Event&);
bool OSGWIDGET_EXPORT callbackWindowRotate (Event&);
bool OSGWIDGET_EXPORT callbackWindowScale  (Event&);

// These are helper callbacks you can attach to Windows to that will make various
// keyboard events behave as you might imagine.
bool OSGWIDGET_EXPORT callbackWindowTabFocus(Event&);

class OSGWIDGET_EXPORT Window:
    public osg::MatrixTransform,
    public UIObjectParent<Widget>,
    public EventInterface,
    public StyleInterface
{
    public:
        typedef std::list<osg::observer_ptr<Window> > WindowList;

        struct Sizes
        {
            point_type current;
            point_type minimum;

            Sizes(point_type c = -1.0f, point_type m = -1.0f):
            current(c),
            minimum(m) {}
        };

        // TODO: This is a class that puts (embeds) the Window inside of a Widget
        // interface, to help assemble Windows with Windows, and what have you.
        class OSGWIDGET_EXPORT EmbeddedWindow: public Widget {
            osg::ref_ptr<Window> _window;

        public:
            META_Object   (osgWidget::Window, EmbeddedWindow);

            EmbeddedWindow (const std::string& = "", point_type = 0.0f, point_type = 0.0f);
            EmbeddedWindow (const EmbeddedWindow&, const osg::CopyOp&);

            virtual void parented   (Window*);
            virtual void unparented (Window*);
            virtual void managed    (WindowManager*);
            virtual void unmanaged  (WindowManager*);
            virtual void positioned ();

            bool setWindow            (Window*);
            void updateSizeFromWindow ();

            Window* getWindow() {
                return _window.get();
            }

            const Window* getWindow() const {
                return _window.get();
            }
        };

        // These correspond to special regions honored by the WindowManager. Most Windows
        // will want to be NONE, unless they need to exist in the foreground or background
        // for some reason.
        enum Strata {
            STRATA_NONE,
            STRATA_BACKGROUND,
            STRATA_FOREGROUND
        };

        // If you only want to display a portion of a Window (such as when it is embedded),
        // you will need to set the VisibilityMode to WM_PARTIAL. Otherwise, the entire
        // Window is visible by default. The final enum, VM_ENTIRE, says that no Scissoring
        // should take place at all, and is useful in cases where you want to properly 
        // scale or rotate Windows.
        enum VisibilityMode {
            VM_FULL,
            VM_PARTIAL,
            VM_ENTIRE
        };

        // Anchors are very similar in that they allow us to pre-apply transformations in the
        // call to Window::update() that allow us to position a Window somewhere relative
        // to the WindowManger's viewable area. However, unlike the ALIGNMENT enums, these
        // are totally optional (whereas a Widget must always have some ALIGNMENT value set.
        enum VerticalAnchor {
            VA_NONE,
            VA_CENTER,
            VA_TOP,
            VA_BOTTOM
        };

        enum HorizontalAnchor {
            HA_NONE,
            HA_CENTER,
            HA_LEFT,
            HA_RIGHT
        };

        Window (const std::string& = "");
        Window (const Window&, const osg::CopyOp&);

        bool resize        (point_type = 0.0f, point_type = 0.0f);
        bool resizeAdd     (point_type = 0.0f, point_type = 0.0f);
        bool resizePercent (point_type = 0.0f, point_type = 0.0f);

        virtual void update        ();
        virtual void managed       (WindowManager*);
        virtual void unmanaged     (WindowManager*);
        virtual bool addWidget     (Widget*);
        virtual bool insertWidget  (Widget*, unsigned int);
        virtual bool removeWidget  (Widget*);
        virtual bool replaceWidget (Widget*, Widget*);

        // This method wraps our Geode's addDrawable() method and returns the index of
        // the newly-added Drawable.
        unsigned int addDrawableAndGetIndex (osg::Drawable*);
        unsigned int addChildAndGetIndex    (osg::Node*);

        bool isVisible         () const;
        bool isXYWithinVisible (float, float) const;
        void setVisibleArea    (int = 0, int = 0, int = 0, int = 0);
        void addVisibleArea    (int = 0, int = 0, int = 0, int = 0);
        bool setFocused        (const Widget*);
        bool setFocused        (const std::string&);
        bool grabFocus         ();
        bool setFirstFocusable ();
        bool setNextFocusable  ();
        bool getFocusList      (WidgetList&) const;
        bool getEmbeddedList   (WindowList&) const;
        void getParentList     (WindowList&) const;

        XYCoord localXY           (double, double) const;
        XYCoord getAbsoluteOrigin () const;

        // This method wraps the current Window in a EmbeddedWindow object and returns it.
        EmbeddedWindow* embed(
            const std::string& = "",
            Widget::Layer      = Widget::LAYER_MIDDLE,
            unsigned int       = 0
        );

        Widget* getFocused() {
            return _focused.get();
        }

        const Widget* getFocused() const {
            return _focused.get();
        }

        bool show() {
            return _setVisible(true);
        }

        bool hide() {
            return _setVisible(false);
        }

        bool isPointerXYWithinVisible(float x, float y) const {
            XYCoord xy = localXY(x, y);

            return isXYWithinVisible(xy.x(), xy.y());
        }

        osg::Geode* getGeode() {
            return _geode();
        }

        const osg::Geode* getGeode() const {
            return _geode();
        }

        Widget* getBackground() {
            return _bg();
        }

        const Widget* getBackground() const {
            return _bg();
        }

        WindowManager* getWindowManager() {
            return _wm;
        }

        const WindowManager* getWindowManager() const {
            return _wm;
        }

        Window* getParent() { 
            return _parent;
        }

        const Window* getParent() const {
            return _parent;
        }

        Window* getTopmostParent() {
            return _getTopmostParent();
        }

        const Window* getTopmostParent() const {
            return _getTopmostParent();
        }

        unsigned int getIndex() const {
            return _index;
        }

        matrix_type getX() const {
            return _x;
        }

        matrix_type getY() const {
            return _y;
        }

        matrix_type getZ() const {
            return _z;
        }

        point_type getWidth() const {
            return _width.current;
        }

        point_type getHeight() const {
            return _height.current;
        }

        point_type getMinWidth() const {
            return _width.minimum;
        }

        point_type getMinHeight() const {
            return _height.minimum;
        }

        VerticalAnchor getAnchorVertical() const {
            return _vAnchor;
        }

        HorizontalAnchor getAnchorHorizontal() const {
            return _hAnchor;
        }

        XYCoord getOrigin() const {
            return XYCoord(_x, _y);
        }

        XYCoord getSize() const {
            return XYCoord(_width.current, _height.current);
        }

        XYCoord getMinSize() const {
            return XYCoord(_width.minimum, _height.minimum);
        }

        matrix_type getZRange() const {
            return _zRange;
        }

        Strata getStrata() const {
            return _strata;
        }

        const Quad& getVisibleArea() const {
            return _visibleArea;
        }

        VisibilityMode getVisibilityMode() const {
            return _vis;
        }

        Point getPosition() const {
            return Point(_x, _y, _z);
        }

        matrix_type getRotate() const {
            return _r;
        }

        matrix_type getScale() const {
            return _s;
        }

        matrix_type getScaleDenominator() const {
            return _scaleDenom;
        }

        void setX(matrix_type x) {
            _x = x;
        }

        void setY(matrix_type y) {
            _y = y;
        }

        void setZ(matrix_type z) {
            _z = z;
        }

        void setZRange(matrix_type zRange) {
            _zRange = zRange;
        }

        void setPosition(matrix_type x, matrix_type y, matrix_type z) {
            _x = x;
            _y = y;
            _z = z;
        }

        void setPosition(const Point& p) {
            setPosition(p.x(), p.y(), p.z());
        }

        void setOrigin(matrix_type x, matrix_type y) {
            _x = x;
            _y = y;
        }

        void setOrigin(const XYCoord& xy) {
                setOrigin(xy.x(), xy.y());
        }

        void setRotate(matrix_type r) {
            _r = r;
        }

        void setScale(matrix_type s) {
            _s = s;
        }

        void setScaleDenominator(matrix_type sd) {
            _scaleDenom = sd;
        }

        void setAnchorVertical(VerticalAnchor va) {
            _vAnchor = va;
        }

        void setAnchorHorizontal(HorizontalAnchor ha) {
            _hAnchor = ha;
        }

        void setStrata(Strata s) {
            _strata = s;
        }

        void setVisibilityMode(VisibilityMode v) {
            _vis = v;
        }

        void addX(matrix_type x) {
            _x += x;
        }

        void addY(matrix_type y) {
            _y += y;
        }

        void addZ(matrix_type z) {
            _z += z;
        }

        void addRotate(matrix_type r) {
            _r += r;
        }

        void addScale(matrix_type s) {
            _s += s / (_scaleDenom != 0.0f ? _scaleDenom : 1.0f);
        }

        void addOrigin(matrix_type x, matrix_type y) {
            _x += x;
            _y += y;
        }

        void attachMoveCallback() {
            addCallback(new Callback(&callbackWindowMove, EVENT_MOUSE_DRAG));
        }

        void attachRotateCallback() {
            addCallback(new Callback(&callbackWindowRotate, EVENT_MOUSE_DRAG));
        }

        void attachScaleCallback() {
            addCallback(new Callback(&callbackWindowScale, EVENT_MOUSE_DRAG));
        }

        void attachTabFocusCallback() {
            addCallback(new Callback(&callbackWindowTabFocus, EVENT_KEY_DOWN));
        }

        typedef point_type (Widget::*Getter)() const;
        
    protected:

        typedef std::less<point_type>    Less;
        typedef std::greater<point_type> Greater;
        typedef std::plus<point_type>    Plus;

        friend class WindowManager;

        // The (optional) Window that this Window is parented inside.
        Window* _parent;

        // The WindowManger to which this window is attached.
        WindowManager* _wm;

        // The positional index this Node holds within it's parent WindowManager.
        unsigned int _index;

        // The X and Y values of the Window (origin).
        matrix_type _x;
        matrix_type _y;

        // A pair of values representing the currently calculated Z value and the
        // depth range for all children to be used during the call to update().
        matrix_type _z;
        matrix_type _zRange;

        // This is a special value that can be used to "force" a Window not to be
        // focusable and instead always exist in the foreground or background.
        Strata _strata;

        // A flag determining whether our visible area is the full Window or rather
        // a portion of the Window.
        VisibilityMode _vis;

        // A rotation value in degrees.
        matrix_type _r;

        // This will also need to adjust geom internally so that picking is correct.
        matrix_type _s;

        matrix_type _scaleDenom;

        Sizes _width;
        Sizes _height;

        VerticalAnchor   _vAnchor;
        HorizontalAnchor _hAnchor;

        // Not all windows have widgets that can focus, but if they do this should
        // be a pointer to it.
        osg::observer_ptr<Widget> _focused;

        // The "visible" area that will define both the glScissor bounds AND will
        // be used to make sure our pick is valid. The values herein correspond to
        // X, Y, W, and H--in that order.
        Quad _visibleArea;

        // This helper method is used by _compare<>() and _accumulate<>(), so ignore this
        // function and go see the docs for those instead. This thing is huge and unwieldy
        // and not to be triffled with! :)
        template<typename T>
        point_type _forEachAssignOrApply(
            Getter get,
            int    begin,
            int    end,
            int    add,
            bool   assign
        ) const {
            point_type   val = 0.0f;
            unsigned int c   = begin;

            ConstIterator e = end > 0 ? _objects.begin() + end : _objects.end() + end;

            // I WARNED YOU! If you try and understand what this does your head will
            // explode! But let me say a few things: in MSVC you can't add to an iterator
            // such that the add will cause it to increment past the end of the container.
            // This appears to be safe in GCC, where it will just return the last 
            // item therein, but causes an assertion error in other compilers. I'm not
            // sure if there is a cleaner remedy for this, so what we do for now is keep a
            // count variable called "c" that makes sure our iterator's opterator+()
            // method is safe to call.
            for(
                ConstIterator i = _objects.begin() + begin;
                i < e;
                c += add
            ) {
                point_type v = 0.0f;

                if(i->valid()) v = (i->get()->*get)();

                // If you want to assign to val, and NOT add a sequence of them...
                if(assign) {
                    if(T()(v, val)) val = v;
                }

                // If you want to accumulate a value INTO val...
                else val = T()(v, val);

                // Make sure our iterator is safe to increment. Otherwise, set it to
                // whatever end is.
                // TODO: This isn't 100% accurate, as it does not YET take into account
                // our requested end in any way other than implicitly. It should, however,
                // work okay for now.
                if((c + add) < _objects.size()) i += add;

                else i = e;
            }

            return val;
        }

        void _setWidthAndHeightUnknownSizeError (const std::string&, point_type);
        void _setWidthAndHeightNotPAError       (const std::string&, point_type);
        void _setWidthAndHeight                 ();
        void _removeFromGeode                   (Widget*);

        Widget* _getBackground() const;
        Window* _getTopmostParent() const;

        // This method will return the T'th value returned by applying the Getter member function
        // pointer to each iterator in the range of iterators defined by offset and add. In
        // plain language, this helper method will apply some standard Widget::get* function
        // to a range of objects in the _objects Vector, and will return the T'th of that.
        // The template T can be any functor accepting two point_type values that return
        // a bool. For example, this is commonly used with std::less to find the smallest
        // width in a range of Widgets.
        template<typename T>
        point_type _compare(
            Getter get,
            int    begin = 0,
            int    end   = 0,
            int    add   = 1
        ) const {
            return _forEachAssignOrApply<T>(get, begin, end, add, true);
        }

        // This method will return the T'th value accumulated by applying the Getter member
        // function to each iterator in the range of iterators defined by offset and add (similar
        // to above). For example, this method can be used to apply std::plus to every
        // width in a range of Widgets, and return the total.
        template<typename T>
        point_type _accumulate(
            Getter get,
            int    begin = 0,
            int    end   = 0,
            int    add   = 1
        ) const {
            return _forEachAssignOrApply<T>(get, begin, end, add, false);
        }

        osg::Geode* _geode() {
            return dynamic_cast<osg::Geode*>(getChild(0));
        }

        const osg::Geode* _geode() const {
            return dynamic_cast<const osg::Geode*>(getChild(0));
        }

        Widget* _bg() {
            return _getBackground();
        }

        const Widget* _bg() const {
            return _getBackground();
        }

        osg::Scissor* _scissor() {
            return dynamic_cast<osg::Scissor*>(
                getStateSet()->getAttribute(osg::StateAttribute::SCISSOR)
            );
        }

        bool _setWidget   (Widget*, int = -1);
        bool _setVisible  (bool);
        void _setFocused  (Widget*);
        void _setStyled   (Widget*);
        void _setParented (Widget*, bool=false);
        void _setManaged  (Widget*, bool=false);

        void _positionWidget(Widget*, point_type, point_type);

        // These return the smallest and largest width and height values for the given
        // range of Widgets.
        point_type _getMinWidgetWidth  (int = 0, int = 0, int = 1) const;
        point_type _getMinWidgetHeight (int = 0, int = 0, int = 1) const;
        point_type _getMaxWidgetWidth  (int = 0, int = 0, int = 1) const;
        point_type _getMaxWidgetHeight (int = 0, int = 0, int = 1) const;

        // These return the smallest and largest minWidth and minHeight values for
        // the given range of Widgets.
        point_type _getMinWidgetMinWidth  (int = 0, int = 0, int = 1) const;
        point_type _getMinWidgetMinHeight (int = 0, int = 0, int = 1) const;
        point_type _getMaxWidgetMinWidth  (int = 0, int = 0, int = 1) const;
        point_type _getMaxWidgetMinHeight (int = 0, int = 0, int = 1) const;

        // These return the smallest and largest width and height total (width + pad)
        // values for the given range of Widgets.
        point_type _getMinWidgetWidthTotal  (int = 0, int = 0, int = 1) const;
        point_type _getMinWidgetHeightTotal (int = 0, int = 0, int = 1) const;
        point_type _getMaxWidgetWidthTotal  (int = 0, int = 0, int = 1) const;
        point_type _getMaxWidgetHeightTotal (int = 0, int = 0, int = 1) const;

        // These return the smallest and largest minWidth and minHeight total
        // (width + pad) values for the given range of Widgets.
        point_type _getMinWidgetMinWidthTotal  (int = 0, int = 0, int = 1) const;
        point_type _getMinWidgetMinHeightTotal (int = 0, int = 0, int = 1) const;
        point_type _getMaxWidgetMinWidthTotal  (int = 0, int = 0, int = 1) const;
        point_type _getMaxWidgetMinHeightTotal (int = 0, int = 0, int = 1) const;

        // These return the smallest and largest horizontal and vertical padding
        // values for the given range of Widgets.
        point_type _getMinWidgetPadHorizontal (int = 0, int = 0, int = 1) const;
        point_type _getMinWidgetPadVertical   (int = 0, int = 0, int = 1) const;
        point_type _getMaxWidgetPadHorizontal (int = 0, int = 0, int = 1) const;
        point_type _getMaxWidgetPadVertical   (int = 0, int = 0, int = 1) const;

        point_type _getNumFill(int = 0, int = 0, int = 1) const;

        // This method is passed the additional values by which width and height should be
        // modified as calculed by the parent method, Window::resize. Keep in mind that these
        // values can be negative (indicating a potential "shrink" request) or positive (which
        // would indicate a "grow" reqeust).
        virtual void _resizeImplementation(point_type, point_type) = 0;

        // These are made into implementation functions since getting the width or height
        // of a window can potentially be an expensive operation, and we'll want to cache
        // results if possible (which is handled transparently by the actualy Window::resize
        // method). They return a Sizes struct which contains two members: cur (for current)
        // and min (minimum). It's important that the Window know it's minimum possible
        // size so that it can ignore invaled requests to resize.
        //
        // Default versions using BoundingBox calculations are provided, but some Windows
        // override this (Table, Box).
        virtual Sizes _getWidthImplementation  () const;
        virtual Sizes _getHeightImplementation () const;

};

typedef Window::WindowList WindowList;

}

#endif