solve.cc

// Copyright 2010-2018 Google LLC
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

// Command line interface to the MPSolver class.
// See linear_solver.h and kUsageStr below.

#include <csignal>
#include <cstdio>
#include <string>

#include "absl/strings/match.h"
#include "absl/strings/str_format.h"
#include "ortools/base/commandlineflags.h"
#include "ortools/base/file.h"
#include "ortools/base/integral_types.h"
#include "ortools/base/logging.h"
#include "ortools/base/timer.h"
#include "ortools/linear_solver/linear_solver.h"
#include "ortools/linear_solver/linear_solver.pb.h"
#include "ortools/lp_data/mps_reader.h"
#include "ortools/lp_data/proto_utils.h"
#include "ortools/util/file_util.h"

DEFINE_string(input, "", "REQUIRED: Input file name.");
DEFINE_string(solver, "glop",
              "The solver to use: bop, cbc, clp, glop, glpk_lp, glpk_mip, "
              "gurobi_lp, gurobi_mip, scip, knapsack.");

DEFINE_int32(num_threads, 1,
             "Number of threads to use by the underlying solver.");
DEFINE_string(params_file, "",
              "Solver specific parameters file. "
              "If this flag is set, the --params flag is ignored.");
DEFINE_string(params, "", "Solver specific parameters");
DEFINE_int64(time_limit_ms, 0,
             "If strictly positive, specifies a limit in ms on the solving "
             "time. Otherwise, no time limit will be imposed.");

DEFINE_string(output_csv, "",
              "If non-empty, write the returned solution in csv format with "
              "each line formed by a variable name and its value.");

DEFINE_string(dump_format, "text",
              "Format in which to dump protos (if flags --dump_model, "
              "--dump_request, or --dump_response are used). Possible values: "
              "'text', 'binary', 'json' which correspond to text proto format "
              "binary proto format, and json. If 'binary' or 'json' are used, "
              "we append '.bin' and '.json' to file names.");

DEFINE_bool(dump_gzip, false,
            "Whether to gzip dumped protos. Appends .gz to their name.");
DEFINE_string(dump_model, "", "If non-empty, dumps MPModelProto there.");
DEFINE_string(dump_request, "", "If non-empty, dumps MPModelRequest there.");
DEFINE_string(dump_response, "", "If non-empty, dumps MPModelResponse there.");

DECLARE_bool(verify_solution);  // Defined in ./linear_solver.cc

static const char kUsageStr[] =
    "Run MPSolver on the given input file. Many formats are supported: \n"
    "  - a .mps or .mps.gz file,\n"
    "  - an MPModelProto (binary or text, possibly gzipped),\n"
    "  - an MPModelRequest (binary or text, possibly gzipped).\n"
    "MPModelProto and MPModelRequest files can comply with either the "
    "linear_solver.proto or the linear_solver.proto format.";

namespace operations_research {
namespace {

// Returns false if an error was encountered.
// More details should be available in the logs.
bool Run() {
  // Create the solver and set its parameters.
  MPSolver::OptimizationProblemType type;
  CHECK(MPSolver::ParseSolverType(FLAGS_solver, &type))
      << "Unsupported --solver: " << FLAGS_solver;

  // Load the problem into an MPModelProto.
  MPModelProto model_proto;
  MPModelRequest request_proto;
  if (absl::EndsWith(FLAGS_input, ".mps") ||
      absl::EndsWith(FLAGS_input, ".mps.gz")) {
    CHECK_OK(glop::MPSReader().ParseFile(FLAGS_input, &model_proto))
        << "Error while parsing the mps file '" << FLAGS_input << "'.";
  } else {
    ReadFileToProto(FLAGS_input, &model_proto);
    ReadFileToProto(FLAGS_input, &request_proto);
    // If the input proto is in binary format, both ReadFileToProto could return
    // true. Instead use the actual number of variables found to test the
    // correct format of the input.
    const bool is_model_proto = model_proto.variable_size() > 0;
    const bool is_request_proto = request_proto.model().variable_size() > 0;
    if (!is_model_proto && !is_request_proto) {
      LOG(FATAL) << "Failed to parse '" << FLAGS_input
                 << "' as an MPModelProto or an MPModelRequest.";
    } else {
      CHECK(!(is_model_proto && is_request_proto));
      if (is_request_proto) {
        LOG(INFO) << "Read input proto as an MPModelRequest.";
        model_proto.Swap(request_proto.mutable_model());
      } else {
        LOG(INFO) << "Read input proto as an MPModelProto.";
      }
    }
  }
  printf("%-12s: '%s'\n", "File", FLAGS_input.c_str());

  // Detect format to dump protos.
  operations_research::ProtoWriteFormat write_format;
  if (FLAGS_dump_format == "text") {
    write_format = ProtoWriteFormat::kProtoText;
  } else if (FLAGS_dump_format == "binary") {
    write_format = ProtoWriteFormat::kProtoBinary;
  } else if (FLAGS_dump_format == "json") {
    write_format = ProtoWriteFormat::kJson;
  } else {
    LOG(FATAL) << "Unsupported --dump_format: " << FLAGS_dump_format;
  }

  // Create the solver, we use the name of the model as the solver name.
  MPSolver solver(model_proto.name(), type);
  const absl::Status set_num_threads_status =
      solver.SetNumThreads(FLAGS_num_threads);
  if (set_num_threads_status.ok()) {
    LOG(INFO) << "Set number of threads to " << FLAGS_num_threads << ".";
  } else {
    LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to set number of threads due to: "
               << set_num_threads_status.message() << ". Using 1 as default.";
  }
  solver.EnableOutput();
  if (!FLAGS_params_file.empty()) {
    std::string file_contents;
    CHECK_OK(
        file::GetContents(FLAGS_params_file, &file_contents, file::Defaults()))
        << "Could not read parameters file.";
    CHECK(solver.SetSolverSpecificParametersAsString(file_contents));
  } else if (!FLAGS_params.empty()) {
    CHECK(solver.SetSolverSpecificParametersAsString(FLAGS_params))
        << "Wrong --params format.";
  }
  absl::PrintF(
      "%-12s: %s\n", "Solver",
      MPModelRequest::SolverType_Name(
          static_cast<MPModelRequest::SolverType>(solver.ProblemType()))
          .c_str());

  // Load the proto into the solver.
  std::string error_message;

  // If requested, save the model to file.
  if (!FLAGS_dump_model.empty()) {
    CHECK(WriteProtoToFile(FLAGS_dump_model, model_proto, write_format,
                           FLAGS_dump_gzip));
  }

  const MPSolverResponseStatus status =
      solver.LoadModelFromProtoWithUniqueNamesOrDie(model_proto,
                                                    &error_message);
  if (request_proto.has_solver_time_limit_seconds()) {
    solver.set_time_limit(
        static_cast<int64>(1000.0 * request_proto.solver_time_limit_seconds()));
  }
  // Note, the underlying MPSolver treats time limit equal to 0 as no limit.
  if (FLAGS_time_limit_ms >= 0) {
    solver.set_time_limit(FLAGS_time_limit_ms);
  }
  if (status != MPSOLVER_MODEL_IS_VALID) {
    LOG(ERROR) << MPSolverResponseStatus_Name(status) << ": " << error_message;
    return false;
  }
  absl::PrintF("%-12s: %d x %d\n", "Dimension", solver.NumConstraints(),
               solver.NumVariables());

  // Solve.
  MPSolverParameters param;
  MPSolver::ResultStatus solve_status = MPSolver::NOT_SOLVED;
  absl::Duration solving_time;
  const absl::Time time_before = absl::Now();
  solve_status = solver.Solve(param);
  solving_time = absl::Now() - time_before;

  // If requested, re-create a corresponding MPModelRequest and save it to file.
  if (!FLAGS_dump_request.empty()) {
    operations_research::MPModelRequest request;
    request.set_solver_type(
        static_cast<MPModelRequest::SolverType>(solver.ProblemType()));
    request.set_solver_time_limit_seconds(solver.time_limit_in_secs());
    request.set_solver_specific_parameters(
        solver.GetSolverSpecificParametersAsString());
    *request.mutable_model() = model_proto;
    CHECK(WriteProtoToFile(FLAGS_dump_request, request, write_format,
                           FLAGS_dump_gzip));
  }

  const bool has_solution =
      solve_status == MPSolver::OPTIMAL || solve_status == MPSolver::FEASIBLE;

  // If requested, get the MPModelResponse and save it to file.
  if (!FLAGS_dump_response.empty() && has_solution) {
    operations_research::MPSolutionResponse response;
    solver.FillSolutionResponseProto(&response);
    CHECK(WriteProtoToFile(FLAGS_dump_response, response, write_format,
                           FLAGS_dump_gzip));
  }
  if (!FLAGS_output_csv.empty() && has_solution) {
    operations_research::MPSolutionResponse result;
    solver.FillSolutionResponseProto(&result);
    std::string csv_file;
    for (int i = 0; i < result.variable_value_size(); ++i) {
      csv_file += absl::StrFormat("%s,%e\n", model_proto.variable(i).name(),
                                  result.variable_value(i));
    }
    CHECK_OK(file::SetContents(FLAGS_output_csv, csv_file, file::Defaults()));
  }
  // If --verify_solution is true, we already verified it. If not, we add
  // a verification step here.
  if (has_solution && !FLAGS_verify_solution) {
    LOG(INFO) << "Verifying the solution";
    solver.VerifySolution(/*tolerance=*/param.GetDoubleParam(
                              MPSolverParameters::PRIMAL_TOLERANCE),
                          /*log_errors=*/true);
  }

  absl::PrintF("%-12s: %s\n", "Status",
               MPSolverResponseStatus_Name(
                   static_cast<MPSolverResponseStatus>(solve_status))
                   .c_str());
  absl::PrintF("%-12s: %15.15e\n", "Objective",
               has_solution ? solver.Objective().Value() : 0.0);
  absl::PrintF("%-12s: %15.15e\n", "BestBound",
               has_solution ? solver.Objective().BestBound() : 0.0);
  absl::PrintF("%-12s: %d\n", "Iterations", solver.iterations());
  // NOTE(user): nodes() for non-MIP solvers crashes in debug mode by design.
  if (solver.IsMIP()) {
    absl::PrintF("%-12s: %d\n", "Nodes", solver.nodes());
  }
  absl::PrintF("%-12s: %-6.4g\n", "Time", absl::ToDoubleSeconds(solving_time));
  return true;
}

}  // namespace
}  // namespace operations_research

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
  gflags::ParseCommandLineFlags(&argc, &argv, /*remove_flags=*/true);
  CHECK(!FLAGS_input.empty()) << "--input is required";
  operations_research::Run();

  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}