//
// Copyright 2012 Hakan Kjellerstrand
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

using System;
using System.Linq;
using Google.OrTools.ConstraintSolver;

public class NQueens
{
  /**
   *
   * Solves the Zebra problem.
   *
   * This is a port of the or-tools/Python model zebra.py
   *
   *
   * """
   * This is the zebra problem as invented by Lewis Caroll.
   *
   * There are five houses.
   * The Englishman lives in the red house.
   * The Spaniard owns the dog.
   * Coffee is drunk in the green house.
   * The Ukrainian drinks tea.
   * The green house is immediately to the right of the ivory house.
   * The Old Gold smoker owns snails.
   * Kools are smoked in the yellow house.
   * Milk is drunk in the middle house.
   * The Norwegian lives in the first house.
   * The man who smokes Chesterfields lives in the house next to the man
   *   with the fox.
   * Kools are smoked in the house next to the house where the horse is kept.
   * The Lucky Strike smoker drinks orange juice.
   * The Japanese smokes Parliaments.
   * The Norwegian lives next to the blue house.
   *
   * Who owns a zebra and who drinks water?
   * """
   *
   */
  private static void Solve()
  {
    Solver solver = new Solver("Zebra");

    int n = 5;

    //
    // Decision variables
    //

    // Colors
    IntVar red           = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "red");
    IntVar green         = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "green");
    IntVar yellow        = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "yellow");
    IntVar blue          = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "blue");
    IntVar ivory         = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "ivory");

    // Nationality
    IntVar englishman    = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "englishman");
    IntVar spaniard      = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "spaniard");
    IntVar japanese      = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "japanese");
    IntVar ukrainian     = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "ukrainian");
    IntVar norwegian     = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "norwegian");

    // Animal
    IntVar dog           = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "dog");
    IntVar snails        = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "snails");
    IntVar fox           = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "fox");
    IntVar zebra         = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "zebra");
    IntVar horse         = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "horse");

    // Drink
    IntVar tea           = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "tea");
    IntVar coffee        = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "coffee");
    IntVar water         = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "water");
    IntVar milk          = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "milk");
    IntVar fruit_juice   = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "fruit juice");

    // Smoke
    IntVar old_gold      = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "old gold");
    IntVar kools         = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "kools");
    IntVar chesterfields = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "chesterfields");
    IntVar lucky_strike  = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "lucky strike");
    IntVar parliaments   = solver.MakeIntVar(1, n, "parliaments");


    // for search
    IntVar[] all_vars =
      {parliaments, kools, chesterfields, lucky_strike, old_gold,
       englishman, spaniard, japanese, ukrainian, norwegian,
       dog, snails, fox, zebra, horse,
       tea, coffee, water, milk, fruit_juice,
       red, green, yellow, blue, ivory};

    //
    // Constraints
    //

    // Alldifferents
    solver.Add(new IntVar[]
        {red, green, yellow, blue, ivory}.AllDifferent());
    solver.Add(new IntVar[]
        {englishman, spaniard, japanese, ukrainian, norwegian}.AllDifferent());
    solver.Add(new IntVar[]
        {dog, snails, fox, zebra, horse}.AllDifferent());
    solver.Add(new IntVar[]
        {tea, coffee, water, milk, fruit_juice}.AllDifferent());
    solver.Add(new IntVar[]
        {parliaments, kools, chesterfields, lucky_strike, old_gold}.AllDifferent());

    //
    // The clues
    //
    solver.Add(englishman == red);
    solver.Add(spaniard == dog);
    solver.Add(coffee == green);
    solver.Add(ukrainian == tea);
    solver.Add(green == ivory + 1);
    solver.Add(old_gold == snails);
    solver.Add(kools == yellow);
    solver.Add(milk == 3);
    solver.Add(norwegian == 1);
    solver.Add((fox - chesterfields).Abs() == 1);
    solver.Add((horse - kools).Abs() == 1);
    solver.Add(lucky_strike == fruit_juice);
    solver.Add(japanese == parliaments);
    solver.Add((norwegian - blue).Abs() == 1);


    //
    // Search
    //
    DecisionBuilder db = solver.MakePhase(all_vars,
                                          Solver.INT_VAR_DEFAULT,
                                          Solver.INT_VALUE_DEFAULT);

    solver.NewSearch(db);

    IntVar[] p = {englishman, spaniard, japanese, ukrainian, norwegian};
    int[] ix = {0,1,2,3,4};
    while (solver.NextSolution()) {
      int water_drinker = (from i in ix
                           where p[i].Value() == water.Value()
                           select i).First();
      int zebra_owner = (from i in ix
                         where p[i].Value() == zebra.Value()
                         select i).First();
      Console.WriteLine("The {0} drinks water.", p[water_drinker].ToString());
      Console.WriteLine("The {0} owns the zebra", p[zebra_owner].ToString());

    }

    Console.WriteLine("\nSolutions: {0}", solver.Solutions());
    Console.WriteLine("WallTime: {0}ms", solver.WallTime());
    Console.WriteLine("Failures: {0}", solver.Failures());
    Console.WriteLine("Branches: {0} ", solver.Branches());

    solver.EndSearch();

  }

  public static void Main(String[] args)
  {
    Solve();
  }
}