//
// Copyright 2012 Hakan Kjellerstrand
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.IO;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using Google.OrTools.ConstraintSolver;


public class WordSquare
{

  /**
   *
   * Word square.
   *
   * From http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_square
   * """
   * A word square is a special case of acrostic. It consists of a set of words,
   * all having the same number of letters as the total number of words (the
   * 'order' of the square); when the words are written out in a square grid
   * horizontally, the same set of words can be read vertically.
   * """
   *
   * See http://www.hakank.org/or-tools/word_square.py
   *
   */
  private static void Solve(String[] words, int word_len, int num_answers)
  {

    Solver solver = new Solver("WordSquare");

    int num_words = words.Length;
    Console.WriteLine("num_words: " + num_words);
    int n = word_len;
    IEnumerable<int> WORDLEN = Enumerable.Range(0, word_len);

    // 
    //  convert a character to integer
    // 

    String alpha = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
    Hashtable d = new Hashtable();
    Hashtable rev = new Hashtable();
    int count = 1;
    for(int a = 0; a < alpha.Length; a++) {
      d[alpha[a]] = count;
      rev[count] = a;
      count++;     
    }

    int num_letters = alpha.Length;

    //
    // Decision variables
    //
    IntVar[,] A = solver.MakeIntVarMatrix(num_words, word_len,
                                          0, num_letters, "A");
    IntVar[] A_flat = A.Flatten();
    IntVar[] E = solver.MakeIntVarArray(n, 0, num_words, "E");



    //
    // Constraints
    //
    solver.Add(E.AllDifferent());

    // copy the words to a matrix
    for(int i = 0; i < num_words; i++) {
      char[] s = words[i].ToArray();
      foreach(int j in WORDLEN) {
        int t = (int)d[s[j]];
        solver.Add(A[i,j] == t);
      }
    }

    foreach(int i in WORDLEN) {
      foreach(int j in WORDLEN) {
        solver.Add(A_flat.Element(E[i]*word_len+j) ==
                   A_flat.Element(E[j]*word_len+i));
      }
    }


    //
    // Search
    //
    DecisionBuilder db = solver.MakePhase(E.Concat(A_flat).ToArray(),
                                          Solver.CHOOSE_FIRST_UNBOUND,
                                          Solver.ASSIGN_MIN_VALUE);

    solver.NewSearch(db);

    int num_sols = 0;
    while (solver.NextSolution()) {
      num_sols++;
      for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        Console.WriteLine(words[E[i].Value()] + " ");
      }
      Console.WriteLine();

      if (num_answers > 0 && num_sols >= num_answers) {
        break;
      }
    }

    Console.WriteLine("\nSolutions: {0}", solver.Solutions());
    Console.WriteLine("WallTime: {0}ms", solver.WallTime());
    Console.WriteLine("Failures: {0}", solver.Failures());
    Console.WriteLine("Branches: {0} ", solver.Branches());

    solver.EndSearch();

  }


  /*
   *
   * Read the words from a word list with a specific word length.
   *
   */
  public static String[] ReadWords(String word_list, int word_len) 
  {
    
    Console.WriteLine("ReadWords {0} {1}", word_list, word_len);
    List<String> all_words = new List<String>();

    TextReader inr = new StreamReader(word_list);
    String str;
    int count = 0;
    Hashtable d = new Hashtable();
    while ((str = inr.ReadLine()) != null) {    
      str = str.Trim().ToLower();
      // skip weird words
      if(Regex.Match(str, @"[^a-z]").Success
         ||
         d.Contains(str)
         || 
         str.Length == 0
         ||
         str.Length != word_len
         ) {
        continue;
      }
      
      d[str] = 1;
      all_words.Add(str);
      count++;

     
    } // end while
    
    inr.Close();

    return all_words.ToArray();

  }


  public static void Main(String[] args)
  {

    String word_list = "/usr/share/dict/words";
    int word_len = 4;
    int num_answers = 20;

    if (args.Length > 0) {
      word_list = args[0];
    }

    if (args.Length > 1) {
      word_len = Convert.ToInt32(args[1]);
    }

    if (args.Length > 2) {
      num_answers = Convert.ToInt32(args[2]);
    }

    String[] words = ReadWords(word_list, word_len);

    Solve(words, word_len, num_answers);
  }
}